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.Before adding these in, you will need to ascertain which harddrive and partition contains Windows.Table 5-2 outlines the way that Linux identi-fies the various hard drive types.Table 5-2Linux HDD IdentificationDisk Locations Linux Disk IdentificationPrimary IDE controller-drive 0 or Master /dev/hda or hdaPrimary IDE controller-drive 1 or Slave /dev/hdb or hdbSecondary IDE controller-drive 0 or Master /dev/hdc or hdcSecondary IDE controller-drive 1 or Slave /dev/hdd or hddSCSI Controller-SCSI ID 0 /dev/sda or sdaSCSI Controller-SCSI ID 1 /dev/sdb or sdbSCSI Controller-SCSI ID 2 /dev/sdc or sdc084881-6 ch05.F 11/12/01 8:29 AM Page 148Part II &' Installation148This hard drive identification table is an excellent place to start when you areattempting to determine hard drive naming in Linux.This table is only a basic one,however, because it only takes into account single IDE or SCSI controllers.The par-titions contained on the disk are numbered 1-X, where X is the total number of par-titions.Therefore, in the preceding example of the /etc/lilo.conf, the hard driveis /dev/hda or the master Primary IDE controller.Microsoft Windows 9X is installedon the first partition of this drive, or hda1.To add Microsoft Windows to the LILOmenu, simply add the following lines:other=/dev/hda1label=windowsYou can boot Microsoft Windows from LILO by typing windows at the LILO bootprompt.This method also works if Microsoft Windows 9X has been added to aLinux PC.You may have to reinstall LILO to be able to boot the system, but this is asituation that you are prepared for if you created the bootable diskette during theinstallation of Linux.From this diskette, you are capable of restoring LILO if it wasdamaged during the installation of Microsoft Windows.Linux with Microsoft Windows NT and 2000Dual booting with Windows NT and 2000 is more complicated.If you use a FAT16 orFAT32 partition for the Microsoft Windows NT or 2000 operating system, then themethod used for Microsoft Windows 9X should work.If, however, NTFS is the filesystem that you use, the NT boot loader is not compatible with LILO in the MBR.This means that LILO must not be installed in the MBR or the Microsoft operatingsystem won t boot.To get around this situation, install LILO in the root partition ofLinux and on a diskette.Complete the installation of Linux and reboot the systemwith the diskette that you used to boot Linux.After you are in Linux, use the follow-ing commands to copy a binary image of the boot sector to a blank diskette:mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppydd if=/dev/hda5 bs=512 count=1 of=/mnt/floppy/linux.binThen, remove the floppy and reboot the system into Microsoft Windows NT or2000.You will need to edit the file boot.ini at this point.Open boot.ini in a plain texteditor, such as notepad, and add the following line:c:\linux.bin= LinuxSave the file boot.ini and exit the text editor.Then, copy the file linux.bin from thefloppy to the HDD in the root directory of the Microsoft Windows HDD.This allowsthe startup menu of Microsoft Windows NT or 2000 to display the Linux line andgives it the linux.bin file, which contains directions detailing where to boot thisoperating system.This should allow Linux to dual-boot with Microsoft Windows NTor 2000.084881-6 ch05.F 11/12/01 8:29 AM Page 149Chapter 5 &' Advanced Installation149Linux and SolarisYou can easily dual-boot Linux with Solaris.To create a dual-boot between Linuxand Solaris:1.Install Linux on the system.Create partition 8 for Linux root, and partition 7for Linux swap, leaving partition 1 for SunOS root and partition 2 for SunOSswap.2.Install SILO (Sparc Improved Boot Loader), which is the LILO equivalent in theSun platform world, in the Linux root partition.3.Allow SILO to create an entry in nvalias to allow the system to boot.4.Boot the system to verify that the Linux installation was successful.5.Halt the system and proceed to install Solaris.When the Solaris installer asksif data should be preserved, do so to save the Linux partitions.6.Continue to install Solaris in partition 0 (the first partition that was created).7.Answer  yes when the installation program inquires about making the newroot partition the default boot in NVRAM.Then continue the installation asusual.After the installation is complete, the system prompts you to berebooted into Solaris.Do this to verify the installation of the Solaris operatingsystem, and then halt the system.8.Enter the  show-disks to list the disk paths that are needed to dual-boot thesystem.You also need the path formats for the disk, which you can obtainwith the  devalias command.With this information, enter the following toallow the system to dual-boot on an IDE system with one disk:nvalias linux @0,0:hnvalias solaris @0,0:a(to boot Solaris by default)setenv boot-device disk:a(to boot Linux by default)setenv boot-device disk:hThis configuration allows Linux to dual-boot with the Solaris operating system.Linux and other operating systemsLinux can be configured in many ways to dual-boot with other operating systems.The one major responsibility to keep in mind is to always back up the data on theexisting operating system to protect it  just in case anything goes wrong.Dual-booting a system with Linux and other operating systems allows you to run multi-ple operating system on one computer.This is helpful if you have certainapplications or tools that only can run in one particular operating system.084881-6 ch05.F 11/12/01 8:29 AM Page 150Part II &' Installation150Installing Additional Softwarewith gzip and tar2.17 Install and uninstall applications after installing the operating system (e.g.,RPM, tar, gzip)Many software packages can t be installed with the Linux distribution because mostcommercial software won t allow it.Many programs are a collection of binaries andlibraries, compressed with the gziputility, and brought together as one file withthe tarutility.The gzip (GNU zip) utility is the GNU compression utility that was designed toreplace the original, Unix compressutility.The gzip utility is used to compress filesin order to save space and speed transfer of large files.The first step is to unzip thefile, which you can do with gunzip, which unzips Gzip files, by using the formatgunzip.gz.When finished, you will be left with a file with the exten-sion.tar.A tar file is a single archive of multiple files; it can be created on a disk or tape.Itsupports spanning of media, which can save the data across multiple media such asfloppy diskettes, and supports incremental and differential backups to allow greatflexibility in use.Therefore, you can use tar on previously created archives toextract files, to store additional files, or to update or list the files that were alreadystored.To extract files from the tar archive, use the tar utility to extract the individual files.The tar command takes the form of tar -xvf.tar.tar.When thefile extraction is complete, you will be able to compile and run the binaries toinstall the program.Installing Additional Software with RPM2.17 Install and uninstall applications after installing the operating system (e.g.,RPM, tar, gzip)2.19 Validate that an installed application is performing correctly in both a test anda production environmentRPM stands for Red Hat Package Manager, and is an open packaging system avail-able to everyone [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]