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.His bank was located in Basel and wasefficient espionage machine the ultimate purpose being worldknown as Greutert & Cie.conquest and a world superstate directed by Farben.(1)3.This was the opinion of the U.S.Department of Justice as expressed in U.S.vs.Allied Chemical & Dye Corp.et.ah, U.S.District Court of New Jersey, May 14,Much of the earlier scientific knowledge that made it possible1942.for German industry to assume world leadership in the field of4.General Eisenhower, as Supreme Commander in the American Zone oforganic chemistry was the result of the pioneering genius of theOccupation, reported that I.G.had stock interests in 613 corporations, including173 in foreign countries, piled up assets of 6 billion Reichsmarks, and "operated1.Howard Ambruster, Treason's Peace, (New York: Beechhurst Press, 1947), with varying degrees of power in more than 2,000 cartels." See New York Times,p.vii.Oct.21, 1945, Sec.1, pp.1,12.CARTELS  ESCAPE FROM COMPETITION 183182 WORLD WITHOUT CANCER: Part TwoAlba Pharmaceutical, Bristol Meyers, Drug, Inc., Vegex, Inc.,All-in-all, more than 380 German firms were controlled by theSquibb and Sons Pharmaceutical, and scores of others, many ofcartel.which were large enough to be holding companies which, in turn,Elsewhere in Europe, I.G.Farben dominated such industrialowned numerous smaller companies and some not-so-giants as Imperial Chemical in Great Britain, Kuhlmann insmall as well.(1)France, and Allied Chemical in Belgium.Leslie Waller, in his TheBy 1929, I.G.Farben had concluded a series of limited cartelSwiss Bank Connection, provides this modest description:agreements with its largest American competitor, the DuPontThrough the Basel connection, I.G.Farben spread out across theCompany.DuPont was a major power in itself and it always hadface of the globe widening its grasp of the chemical business bybeen reluctant to enter into cooperative ventures with Farbenestablishing thoroughly concealed interests in companies inwhich usually insisted on being the dominant partner.Conse-Belgium, England, France, Greece, Holland, Hungary, Norway,Poland, Romania, various nations of South America, Sweden andquently, many of the agreements were made indirectly throughthe United States.(1)Farben's subsidiary, Winthrop Chemical, through ImperialChemical (its cartel partner in Great Britain), and through Mitsui,In the United States the cartel had established importantits cartel partner in Japan.By 1937, American I.G.had substantialagreements with a wide spectrum of American industry includ-stock holdings in both DuPont and Eastman Kodak.The Olining Abbott Laboratories, Alcoa, Anaconda, Atlantic Oil, Bell andCorporation, a Farben holding, entered into the manufacture ofHowell, the Borden Company, the Carnation Company, Ciba-cellophane under a DuPont license.Geigy, Dow Chemical, DuPont, Eastman Kodak, FirestoneRubber, Ford Motor, General Drug Company, General Electric, The primary reason that such an industrial giant as DuPontGeneral Mills, General Motors, General Tire, Glidden Paint, finally relented and entered into cartel agreements with I.G.isGoodyear Rubber, Gulf Oil, the M.W.Kellogg Company, that Standard Oil of New Jersey had just done so.The combina-Monsanto Chemical, National Lead, Nestle's, Owl Drug tion of these two Goliaths presented DuPont with a seriousCompany, Parke-Davis and Company, Pet Milk, Pittsburgh potential of domestic competition.DuPont might have been ableGlass, Proctor and Gamble, Pure Oil, Remington Arms, Richfield to stand firmly against I.G.alone, but it could not hope to take onOil, Shell Oil, Sinclair Oil, Socony Oil, Standard Oil, Texaco, both I.G.and the great Rockefeller empire as well.Standard Oil,Union Oil, U.S.Rubber, and hundreds more.therefore, was the decisive factor that brought together theultimate "community of interest" I.G., Standard Oil, ImperialThe list of companies which it owned outright or in which itChemical, DuPont, and as we shall see, Shell Oil [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]